Bat Conservation International Bats Magazine

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Transforming fieldwork into cinematic magic with Horizonline Pictures
Filmingbats
Around the World
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Volume 43 • Issue 2
Issue 2 • 2024

Inside this Issue

Bats magazine logo
10

Features

08on location: Filming bats around the world

Transforming fieldwork into cinematic magic with
Horizonline Pictures
14collaboration for conservation

New MENTOR-Bat program kicks off in Colombia

Departments

02Off the Bat

BCI Executive Director Mike Daulton on expanding global presence and reach
06Species Study

Striped Leaf-Nosed Bat
24Bat Chat

BCI’s India Program Manager, Rohit Chakravarty, shares his work and goals
25Bat Squad

Shahroukh Mistry’s 30-year journey from a BCI Student Scholar to BCI’s Board of Directors
Notes iconRead past issues of Bats Magazine at digital.batcon.org

news & updates

Photo: Melquisedec Gamba-Rios, Ph.D.
20

3Bat Signals

Conservation news and updates
  • NASA’s Eclipse Soundscapes program
  • Preventing pandemics
  • Speaking up for bats at United Nations Convention of Migratory Species
  • Leaf Shave helps boost bats
  • Girl Scouts for bats

18Field Notes

Research news from around the globe
  • Restoration with drones
  • Advancing agave conservation
  • White-nose Syndrome in Texas
  • Protecting bats in Rwanda’s newest national park
  • Miami Bat Lab at Zoo Miami
Bats Magazine Volume 43, Issue 2 cover
ON THE COVER: In this issue, go behind the scenes with BCI and Horizonline Pictures to see how bat-focused conservation films are produced.

Image: Kristen Lear, Ph.D.

Off the Bat title typography
A few words of introduction from your friends at Bat Conservation International

Growing a Global Movement to Save Bats

BCI expands global presence and reach
by Mike Daulton
The world’s more than 1,450 bat species live on six continents, so ending bat extinctions requires a large-scale global effort. To rise to this challenge, we are expanding our team to enhance our capabilities and increase our presence around the world. Bat Conservation International (BCI) is expanding strategically, focusing on where bats are at greatest risk and conservation is most critical.

Our efforts to protect bats worldwide start with our expert Endangered Species Interventions team, which has been at the forefront of successful efforts to protect Nakanacagi Cave in Fiji, conserve Stony Hill Cave in Jamaica, and successfully deliver large-scale agave restoration for Endangered bats in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Recently, we brought on team members in Brazil and India to strengthen our work in those regions, as well as Africa, with new work in Kenya, Mozambique, and beyond.

Masthead

Bat Conservation International logo
Bat Conservation International (BCI) is a 501(c)(3) organization dedicated to protecting bats and their essential habitats around the world. A copy of our current financial statement and registration filed by the organization may be obtained by contacting our office in Austin, Texas, below, or by visiting batcon.org.

Main Office

500 North Capital of Texas Highway, Building 1
Austin, TX 78746
512.327.9721

Managing Editor

Kristen Pope

Chief Editor

Javier Folgar

Contributors

Michelle Donahue / Proofreader

Publication Management Unlock

Bats Magazine welcomes queries from writers. Send your article proposal in a brief outline form and a description of any photos, charts, or other graphics to the Editor at pubs@batcon.org.

Members: We welcome your feedback. Please send letters to the Editor to pubs@batcon.org. Changes of address may be sent to members@batcon.org or to BCI at our Austin, Texas, address above. Please allow four weeks for the change of address to take effect.
Board of Directors
Dr. Andrew Sansom,
Chair
Eileen Arbues,
Vice Chair
Ann George, Secretary
Dr. Gerald Carter
Gary Dreyzin
Dr. Brock Fenton
Danielle Gustafson
Cecily Longfield
Dr. Shahroukh Mistry
Sandy Read
Dr. Nancy Simmons
Jenn Stephens
Science Advisory Committee
Dr. Luis Aguirre
Dr. Enrico Bernard
Dr. Sara Bumrungsri
Dr. Gerald Carter
Dr. Liliana Dávalos
Dr. Brock Fenton
Dr. Tigga Kingston
Dr. Gary McCracken
Dr. Stuart Parsons
Dr. Paul Racey
Dr. Danilo Russo
Dr. Nancy Simmons
Dr. Paul Webala
Senior Staff

Mike Daulton, Executive Director
Mylea Bayless, Chief of Strategic Partnerships
Dr. Winifred Frick, Chief Scientist
Michael Nakamoto, Chief Operations Officer
Kevin Pierson, Chief of Conservation and Global Strategy
Bill Toomey, Chief Growth Officer

Visit BCI’s website at batcon.org and the following social media sites:

BCI updates and conservation news
Bat Signals title typography
Fran Hutchins setting up an Audio Moth recording device
Bracken Cave Director Fran Hutchins sets up an Audio Moth recording device before the eclipse to capture the sounds of nature during this celestial event.
Photo: Fran Hutchins
solar eclipse

Total Eclipse of the Cave

Bracken Cave Preserve participates in NASA program for total solar eclipse
Bracken Cave Preserve was on the path of totality for the April 8 eclipse, which captivated eclipse-chasers from around the world gathered to view in North America. To collect information about how bats and other species would react to the moon fully covering the sun for a few short moments, Bat Conservation International (BCI) participated in NASA’s Eclipse Soundscapes program. As part of this effort, Bracken Cave Preserve Director Fran Hutchins set out an Audio Moth recording device two days before the eclipse. He left it out to capture data and sent it to NASA a few days later. While clouds largely obscured the event at the cave, the data will help researchers learn about eclipses and how species, including bats, react.
binoculars iconWatch a video of the eclipse at Bracken Cave at youtube.com/watch?v=VFDyz4aax-A
Bracken Cave Director Fran Hutchins sets up an Audio Moth recording device before the eclipse to capture the sounds of nature during this celestial event.
Photo: Fran Hutchins
binoculars iconLearn more about Eclipse Soundscapes at eclipsesoundscapes.org
Bracken Cave Preserve was on the path of totality for the April 8 eclipse, which captivated eclipse-chasers from around the world gathered to view in North America. To collect information about how bats and other species would react to the moon fully covering the sun for a few short moments, Bat Conservation International (BCI) participated in NASA’s Eclipse Soundscapes program. As part of this effort, Bracken Cave Preserve Director Fran Hutchins set out an Audio Moth recording device two days before the eclipse. He left it out to capture data and sent it to NASA a few days later. While clouds largely obscured the event at the cave, the data will help researchers learn about eclipses and how species, including bats, react.
Bracken Cave Director Fran Hutchins sets up an Audio Moth recording device before the eclipse to capture the sounds of nature during this celestial event.
Photo: Fran Hutchins
binoculars iconWatch a video of the eclipse at Bracken Cave at youtube.com/watch?v=VFDyz4aax-A
binoculars iconLearn more about Eclipse Soundscapes at eclipsesoundscapes.org

Bat Signals

batsignals

Ecological Countermeasures

Ecological Countermeasures to Prevent Pandemics

New paper focuses on ways to avoid zoonotic spillover
chart displaying how to protect where bats eat and roost
Image Credit (top and bottom): Graphics from Nature Communications, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: nature.com/articles/s41467-024-46151-9#rightslink, Plowright et al 2024, Nature Communications
Prevent pandemics before they begin by protecting the places bats eat and sleep, as well as people at risk. This is part of the best strategy to combat the next pandemic, according to a new paper by lead author Raina Plowright, Ph.D., at Cornell University, Bat Conservation International (BCI)’s Chief Scientist Winifred Frick, Ph.D., and BCI’s Director of Conservation Evidence Teague O’Mara, Ph.D., who were co-authors on the study, along with other collaborators. The study, “Ecological Countermeasures to Prevent Pathogen Spillover and Subsequent Pandemics,” was published in Nature Communications in early 2024. It focuses on the importance of ecological intervention to prevent the zoonotic virus spillover that moves a pathogen from animals to humans.

The authors propose ecological intervention as the best strategy to prevent the next pandemic. They discuss how proactive policies, including integrated ecological approaches to be used alongside medical responses, are needed to develop a comprehensive pandemic prevention strategy.

Species Study
There are 1,400+ species of bats in the world. This is one of them.

Striped Leaf-Nosed Bat

A conservation effort to save one species can help others
By Stefanie Waldek
bat stats
Bat icon

Binomial

Macronycteris vittata
Bats icon

Family

Hipposideridae
Bat Globe icon

Colony size

Generally, a few hundred to tens of thousands of individuals
Scale icon

Weight

Up to 6.3 ounces
(180 grams)
Spider icon

Diet

Insectivorous
Exclamation Point icon

Status

Near Threatened
Region

Eastern, Southern, West, and Central Africa
highlighted Eastern, Southern, West, and Central regions of Africa
Photo: MGambaRios
F

ew people have heard of the striped leaf-nosed bat (Macronycteris vittata). This large African bat is found in various populations across the continent, notably in larger colonies in Eastern and Southern Africa and smaller colonies in Western and Central Africa. While the striped leaf-nosed bat is an interesting species for many reasons, it needs to be better studied. Bat Conservation International (BCI) and partners are setting out to change that.

“Species-specific research on African bat species is so incredibly rare,” says Natalie Weber, a conservation scientist who works with BCI as Strategic Advisor for Endangered Species in Africa. “Unfortunately, the only efforts targeting this species were based on trying to find some viruses. But that’s not research on the species.”

Binoculars iconFeature: Films

On Location: Filming Bats Around the World

Transforming fieldwork into cinematic magic with Horizonline Pictures
By Lynn Davis
On Location: Filming Bats Around the World typography

On Location: Filming Bats Around the World

On Location: Filming Bats Around the World typography
St. Clair Cave
Photo: Jennifer Barros, Ph.D.
St. Clair Cave
Photo: Jennifer Barros, Ph.D.
Transforming fieldwork into cinematic magic with Horizonline Pictures
By Lynn Davis
I

n April, Melquisedec Gamba-Rios, Ph.D., and Jennifer Barros, Ph.D., placed small infrared lights in a tight tunnel-like passageway in Jamaica’s St. Clair Cave. Air temperatures outside the cave were approaching 90 degrees Fahrenheit, and humidity levels were very high. Inside, it was at least 10 degrees warmer—and wetter.

St. Clair Cave is one of the most important cave systems for bats in the Caribbean, with more than two million bats and 10 bat species, including the Critically Endangered Jamaican greater funnel-eared bats (Natalus jamaicensis). Gamba-Rios, Bat Conservation International (BCI)’s Regional Director in Latin America and the Caribbean, and Barros, BCI’s Brazil Program Manager, used infrared lights to minimize disturbing the bats and placed themselves near the bats’ exit. Soon, the bats began exiting the cave to scour the skies for insects, and look for fruit and nectar.

Leaf iconFeature: MENTOR-Bat

Collaboration for Conservation

collage of bat researchers
Collaboration for Conservation typography
Colombia’s diverse landscape provides excellent habitat for bats.
Background photo: Emily Ronis USFWS
New MENTOR-Bat program kicks off in Colombia
By Annika Hipple
O

n an April day in Chinchiná, Colombia, a group of bat conservationists put their acting skills to the test. Pretending to be an audience of schoolchildren, their roleplay helped Indonesian bat researcher Ellena Yusti refine a short improvised “elevator speech” explaining her work to a younger audience. Since bat conservationists must be able to communicate with everyone from kids to government officials to the general public, the exercise was a valuable chance to practice her skills in front of supportive colleagues. This was one of many memorable experiences during the inaugural workshop for the exciting new MENTOR-Bat program, a partnership between Bat Conservation International (BCI) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS).

Designed to promote long-term protection for bats and ecosystems by building capacity in key geographic regions, MENTOR-Bat brings together established and emerging bat conservationists from Colombia, Cameroon, and Indonesia in three cohorts, each consisting of one mentor and three fellows. Over 18 months, participants engage in virtual and in-person meetings, training opportunities, and workshops related to bat conservation and implementing bat conservation projects. The program also emphasizes One Health, focusing on protecting people and bats.

Field notes Research news from around the globe
Bianca Signorini sets up the UAS for a photogrammetry flight in Oregon.
Photo: Rachel Harper
Bianca Signorini sets up the UAS for a photogrammetry flight in Oregon.
Photo: Rachel Harper

High-Flying Tools for Restoration

How drones are driving BCI’s restoration efforts in Gila National Forest and beyond
By Lindsay Lee Wallace
When the Black Fire tore through New Mexico’s Gila National Forest in 2022, it turned over 325,000 acres to ash. The area’s riparian zones, which served as a crucial source of water and forage for the more than two dozen bat species that call the forest home, were severely damaged. Bat Conservation International (BCI)’s and the Gila National Forest are now partnering to restore the land and build resiliency in the affected watersheds, using BCI’s newly acquired drone fleet.

By soaring solo and nearly silently above the land, drones can save time and resources over a team of humans trekking out to gather data. They can also gather a greater volume and breadth of data than human scouts are able to discern with the naked eye without disrupting the environment on the ground. This light touch is especially valuable when it comes to projects taking place on already fragile land, like BCI’s restoration work in the Gila National Forest.

fieldnotes
Texas Agave Partners standing around potted plants at a nursery
Texas Agave Partners meet at a nursery.
Photo: Kristen Lear, Ph.D.

Beyond Borders

Advancing agave conservation in the U.S. and Mexico
By Fiona Tapp
In the heart of the arid landscapes of the Trans-Pecos region of Texas and the sun-drenched terrain of Sonora, Mexico, a collaborative effort is underway to conserve agave and its vital role in supporting bat populations. Bat Conservation International (BCI) and key partners recently held meetings in Sonora and Texas to bring together diverse stakeholders to strategize, share successes, and forge partnerships for the Agave Restoration Initiative.

In early December 2023, the Northwest Mexico Agaves for Bats Summit convened in Hermosillo, Sonora, drawing representatives from 21 organizations. This gathering provided a platform for current and potential partners to exchange insights, discuss challenges, and explore avenues for collaboration on agave restoration and bat conservation. Among the attendees were organizations already profoundly engaged in BCI’s Agave Restoration Initiative and those eager to contribute to the initiative’s success.

fieldnotes

White-Nose Syndrome

Texas research provides a peek into how bats may respond to WNS in warmer weather
By Jill Robbins
Texas bats surrounded by rock
BCI is studying how Texas bats are impacted by white-nose syndrome.
Photo: Krystie Miner
White-nose Syndrome (WNS) is a fungal disease that has killed millions of North American bats in the past decade. WNS disrupts natural hibernation cycles, causing bats to die from the disease during winter. The fungus, Pseudogymnoascus destructans, often called “Pd,” grows in cold, dark, damp places where bats hibernate, causing a white fuzz on their faces. The fungus rouses bats from their torpor, causing them to burn the fat they need to survive the winter and decimating entire populations of bats. WNS currently impacts bats in 40 states, including Texas. There’s no known cure, although scientists are studying how it spreads in the hopes of controlling it.

Pd was first detected in Texas in 2017. Texas has numerous cave systems and cave-hibernating bat species, such as cave myotis (Myotis velifer) and tricolored bats (Perimyotis subflavus), most vulnerable to WNS.

fieldnotes

Sharing the Knowledge

Nyungwe National Park rangers teach colleagues at Rwanda’s newest national park how to research bats
By Lynn Davis
Rangers working in Rwanda’s Gishwati-Mukura National Park
Rangers work to share knowledge in Rwanda’s newest national park, Gishwati-Mukura National Park.
Photo: Peace Iribagiza
Deep in Rwanda’s Gishwati-Mukura National Park, a small acoustic detector records a bat’s echolocation call. This data point—along with many others—will help researchers learn more about the bats that make this park their home, which will, in turn, help conservationists know which areas are most crucial to protect as bat habitat. Bat Conservation International (BCI) and partners began using this technology in Rwanda’s Nyungwe National Park several years ago and have recently expanded the project to include Gishwati-Mukura National Park, the nation’s newest national park.

Gishwati-Mukura is on a ridge that divides the watersheds of the Congo and the Nile rivers, more than a three-hour drive north of Nyungwe National Park. Unlike Rwanda’s three other national parks—Volcanoes National Park in the high central mountains of Rwanda, Akagera in the low-lying plains, and Nyungwe in the mountainous and oldest rainforest in Africa—Gishwati-Mukura is a conservation work in progress. The park was established less than 10 years ago to address several land use concerns, including illegal mining and livestock farming. Already, the restoration of the park’s indigenous hardwoods and bamboo, providing habitat for chimpanzees, monkeys, and hundreds of species of birds, is visibly apparent.

fieldnotes

close up of a Florida bonneted bat
The Florida bonneted bat is the rarest bat species in the U.S. This federally Endangered species only lives in South Florida.
Photo: Horizonline Pictures
Images

Behind the Scenes with the Florida Bonneted Bat

BCI and Miami Bat Lab at Zoo Miami team up to study Endangered species
The Florida bonneted bat (Eumops floridanus) is the rarest bat in the United States, and Bat Conservation International (BCI) and the Miami Bat Lab at Zoo Miami are working hard to save this Endangered species. Florida bonneted bats only live in South Florida, and their primary natural habitat, the pine rocklands, has mostly been destroyed; only about 2% of its former coverage remains. In its place is urban development. These rare bats have taken to roosting under the eaves of homes with Spanish tile roofs in Miami because they have nowhere else to live. BCI, Zoo Miami, and partners are installing artificial roosts to provide safe and long-lasting roosting spots for Florida bonneted bats.

Recently, a plan to develop a water park that would have impacted Florida bonneted bats and other species was reversed thanks to the hard work of avid conservationists, including BCI and partners, who expressed concerns about the location chosen for the water park. BCI, Zoo Miami, and partners are actively studying the remaining populations of Florida bonneted bats to understand their nightly foraging movements, roosting preferences, and diet. This information is necessary to protect the habitats they need to survive. The film production company Horizonline Pictures recently went to the field with the team to chronicle BCI’s work with this rare species. These are images from their time working with Florida bonneted bats.

Bat Chat A Conversation with a noted expert
Rohit Chakravarty examines a greater false vampire bat (Lyroderma lyra) that was caught in a temple in in Ramanagara, Karnataka, India.
Rohit Chakravarty in a cave wearing a headlamp examining a greater false vampire bat
Rohit Chakravarty examines a greater false vampire bat (Lyroderma lyra) that was caught in a temple in in Ramanagara, Karnataka, India.
Photo: Kaushal Patel, Ph.D.

Protecting Bats in India

BCI’s India Program Manager, Rohit Chakravarty, shares his work and goals
By Annika Hipple
R

ohit Chakravarty’s interest in wildlife dates back to his childhood in central India, the country’s tiger capital. As a boy, he was fascinated by tigers, and his focus gradually expanded to include birds and bats. Now based in Bangalore, Rohit has studied bats for over a decade and leads Bat Conservation International (BCI)’s India Endangered Species Initiative in partnership with a local organization, Nature Conservation Foundation.

How did you become interested in bats?

Once I opened my dustbin to find a small orange bat called a short-nosed fruit bat (Cynopterus sphinx) stuck inside. I’ve always been fascinated by bats that were very hard to see, and when this bat came to me, I realized it was a gentle animal, not something to be scared of. During my bachelor’s in Mumbai, I started exploring caves, and that interest kept getting stronger. After that, my master’s, my Ph.D. thesis—everything was about bats.
Bat Squad For the young conservartionist
Shahroukh Mistry, Ph.D., collects bat guano for diet analysis.
Shahroukh Mistry collecting bat guano
Shahroukh Mistry, Ph.D., collects bat guano for diet analysis.
Photo: Michael Matiasek, Ph.D.

A Full-Circle Moment

Inside Shahroukh Mistry’s 30-year journey from being a BCI Student Scholar to serving on BCI’s Board of Directors
By Stefanie Waldek
W

hen embarking on a path of study, many people think they know which career path they would like to take. But, in many cases, the original path takes a completely new direction. That was certainly true for Shahroukh Mistry, Ph.D., who is now a professor of biology at Butte College in California and a member of Bat Conservation International (BCI)’s Board of Directors.

“I had never considered working on bats before I came to the United States for graduate studies,” Mistry says. “As a student in India, my passion was avian biology, and my first publication was on the nesting behavior of weaver birds.” However, as a graduate student at the University of Tennessee, Mistry joined his advisor, bat biologist Gary McCracken, Ph.D., for a summer research project in Texas.

Photo: Josh Hydeman / Bat Conservation International
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