Bat Conservation International Bats Magazine

Bats Magazine logo
a tale of
Three

Caves
Community-driven conservation in Kenya strives to protect an Endangered species
Bat Conservation International logo
Volume 43 • Issue 3
Issue 3 • 2024

Inside this Issue

Bats magazine logo
13
Photo: Karel de la Cruz Victoria

Features

08a tale of three caves

Protecting Endangered species through conservation in Kenya

Departments

02Off the Bat

BCI Executive Director Mike Daulton shares latest global conservation efforts
06Species Study

Fijian free-tailed bat
24Bat Chat

BCI’s Brazil Program Manager explains how she’s leading a cave conservation initiative in the country
25Bat Squad

A Girl Scout from the San Francisco Bay Area completed her Gold Award by advocating for bats
Notes iconRead past issues of Bats Magazine at digital.batcon.org

news & updates

Photo: Piotr Naskrecki, Ph.D.
17
3Bat Signals

Conservation news and updates
  • Launching the Nakanacagi Bat Sanctuary Management Plan
  • State of India’s Bats
  • Virtual Field Trip
  • Celebrating Bat Week
16Field Notes

Research news from around the globe
  • Sustainable resource extraction
  • Rwandan bat conservation
  • Habitat restoration teams
  • Backyard bat science
  • Bat poetry
Bats Magazine Volume 43, Issue 3 cover
ON THE COVER: Kaboga Cave was purchased by Bat Conservation International (BCI) in 2024, and is now managed by BCI’s Kenyan partners, Angaza Vijiji. The cave is a refuge for bats, including Hildegarde’s tomb bat (Taphozous hildegardeae).

Image: Karel de la Cruz Victoria

Off the Bat title typography
A few words of introduction from your friends at Bat Conservation International

Building a Better Future for Bats

Reflecting on an exciting new partnership and BCI’s latest efforts to deliver global conservation
by Mike Daulton
This October, we are launching an exciting new partnership with Discovery Education and the LEGO Group’s Build the Change program, which inspires kids to find creative solutions to the world’s most pressing problems. This year, the program will feature a world-class virtual experience filmed and designed by Discovery Education and the Build the Change team, that highlights Bat Conservation International (BCI)’s work.

With our combined reach, students across the U.S. will be engaged to help us build a better world. The program will highlight BCI’s work to protect Bracken Cave Preserve, fight white-nose syndrome, and save Endangered species like the Florida bonneted bat (Eumops floridanus). Students are encouraged to provide ideas for solving conservation challenges while building a future where threatened species are safe, and nature is protected.

Masthead

Bat Conservation International logo
Bat Conservation International (BCI) is a 501(c)(3) organization dedicated to protecting bats and their essential habitats around the world. A copy of our current financial statement and registration filed by the organization may be obtained by contacting our office in Austin, Texas, below, or by visiting batcon.org.

Main Office

500 North Capital of Texas Highway, Building 1
Austin, TX 78746
512.327.9721

Managing Editor

Kristen Pope

Chief Editor

Javier Folgar

Contributors

Michelle Donahue / Proofreader

Publication Management Unlock

Bats Magazine welcomes queries from writers. Send your article proposal in a brief outline form and a description of any photos, charts, or other graphics to the Editor at pubs@batcon.org.

Members: We welcome your feedback. Please send letters to the Editor to pubs@batcon.org. Changes of address may be sent to members@batcon.org or to BCI at our Austin, Texas, address above. Please allow four weeks for the change of address to take effect.
Board of Directors
Dr. Andrew Sansom, Chair
Eileen Arbues, Vice Chair
Ann George, Secretary
Dr. Gerald Carter
Gary Dreyzin
Dr. Brock Fenton
Danielle Gustafson
Cecily Longfield
Dr. Shahroukh Mistry
Sandy Read
Dr. Nancy Simmons
Jenn Stephens
Science Advisory Committee
Dr. Luis Aguirre
Dr. Enrico Bernard
Dr. Sara Bumrungsri
Dr. Gerald Carter
Dr. Liliana Dávalos
Dr. Brock Fenton
Dr. Tigga Kingston
Dr. Gary McCracken
Dr. Stuart Parsons
Dr. Paul Racey
Dr. Danilo Russo
Dr. Nancy Simmons
Dr. Paul Webala
Senior Staff

Mike Daulton, Executive Director
Mylea Bayless, Chief of Strategic Partnerships
Dr. Winifred Frick, Chief Scientist
Michael Nakamoto, Chief Operations Officer
Kevin Pierson, Chief of Conservation and Global Strategy
Bill Toomey, Chief Growth Officer

Visit BCI’s website at batcon.org and the following social media sites:

BCI updates and conservation news
Bat Signals title typography
people with the Nakanacagi Bat Sanctuary Management Plan in Fiji during a ceremony
BCI traveled to Fiji to gather with partners and finalize the Nakanacagi Bat Sanctuary Management Plan, as well as meet with the Permanent Secretary for the Environment in Fiji.
Photos: Horizonline Pictures
caves

Fiji Formalizes First Protected Area for Bats

Nakanacagi Bat Sanctuary Management Plan finalizes protection of vital roost
people involved with the Nakanacagi Bat Sanctuary Management Plan
In late July, Bat Conservation International (BCI) and partners gathered in Fiji to officially launch the Nakanacagi Bat Sanctuary Management Plan. Nakanacagi Cave is the last known maternity roost for the Endangered Fijian free-tailed bat (Mops bregullae), which has faced threats like human disturbance, habitat destruction and degradation, hunting, and cyclones.

A series of events finalized the protection of this vital Fijian roost and the land surrounding it, making it the first protected area for bats in Fiji. Key partners include the National Trust of Fiji, Nature Fiji, Rainforest Trust, and the Nakanacagi community. The Fijian free-tailed bat is known to live in just two South Pacific islands in Fiji and Vanuatu. In late 2024, BCI will travel to Vanuatu to search for more roosts.

BCI traveled to Fiji to gather with partners and finalize the Nakanacagi Bat Sanctuary Management Plan, as well as meet with the Permanent Secretary for the Environment in Fiji.
Photos: Horizonline Pictures

Bat Signals

batsignals

State of India’s Bats
representatives from 22 institutions posing together outdoors
Representatives from 22 institutions met in Bangalore to assess conservation and research priorities for India’s bats.
Photo: Arjun Menon and Tikily Tayeng

State of India’s Bats Report

Conservation groups gather in Bangalore to assess conservation and research priorities
In June, Bat Conservation International (BCI) and partners met in Bangalore to hold the State of India’s Bats workshop. Led by BCI India Program Manager Rohit Chakravarty, Ph.D., and Regional Director for Africa and South Asia Isabella Mandl, Ph.D., the workshop brought together 33 participants representing 22 different institutions. The conservationists worked together to draft the first conservation plan for India’s bats in 22 years, which organizers envision will become the guiding light for Indian bat research and conservation for the next five years.
Education

Inspiring Creativity

Virtual Field Trip shares the wonders of bats and encourages innovation
Bat Conservation International (BCI) is partnering with the LEGO Group and Discovery Education to “Build the Change’’ for bats this fall. Launching during Bat Week, this exciting Virtual Field Trip will allow students to learn about and immerse themselves into the lives of bats. Students will travel virtually to important bat locations around the U.S., including Bracken Cave in Texas and the Florida bonneted bat’s urban habitat in Miami, while learning from subject matter experts like BCI staff members and partners. As part of the Virtual Field Trip, students can develop and share creative solutions to help solve bats’ challenges.
Trees iconThe Virtual Field Trip launches Oct. 29 at 1 p.m. ET. Learn more at buildthechange.discoveryeducation.com.
Species Study
There are 1,400+ species of bats in the world. This is one of them.

Fijian Free-tailed Bat

Single maternity roost pivotal to species survival
By Lindsay Lee Wallace

bat stats

Bat icon

Binomial

Mops bregullae
Two bats icon

Family

Molossidae
Bat Globe icon

Colony Size

An estimated total of 2,000 to 7,000 bats remaining
Scale icon

Weight

16 to 22 grams
Plant leaf icon

Diet

Insectivore
Exclamation Point icon

Status

Endangered
Region

Fiji and Vanuatu
map of the Fiji and Vanuatu region, east of Australia
Photo: Horizonline Pictures
I

n 2016, Bat Conservation International (BCI) and the Rainforest Trust began a project alongside the National Trust of Fiji, NatureFiji-MareqetiViti, and the Nakanacagi community of Vanua Levu, Fiji, to protect the habitat of the Fijian free-tailed bat (Mops bregullae). Also known as the Fijian mastiff, this insectivorous bat is threatened by habitat loss due to industry and climate change, tourism practices, and hunting. After years of careful coordination and collaboration between Fijian experts and community members and the BCI team, Jon Flanders, Ph.D., Director of Endangered Species Intervention, describes the Fiji project as “a phenomenal success story.”

It was especially important that the project succeed, because Nakanacagi Cave is the only confirmed Fijian free-tailed bat maternity colony. The team hopes to discover another maternity roost in the only other country where this species has been recorded. To do that—or perhaps discover a new species of bat—BCI is undertaking a project this autumn nearly 750 miles away in the neighboring country of Vanuatu.

leaf iconFeature: Kenya

A Tale of 3 Caves

A Tale of 3 Caves typography
Community-driven conservation in Kenya strives to protect an Endangered species
By Stefanie Waldek
Stakeholders meet by Makuruhu Cave in Kenya.
Photo: Karel de la Cruz Victoria
Community-driven conservation in Kenya strives to protect an Endangered species
By Stefanie Waldek
F

orget the Big Five animals safari-goers seek out, like lions and elephants. It’s all about bats in coastal Kenya—or at least it should be. All along Kenya’s Indian Ocean shoreline are coral caves that bats love to use as roosting sites. Their numbers are so high they comprise up to 27% of Kenya’s mammals. But as it goes with many ecosystems around the world, habitat loss threatens the resident species, including the Endangered Hildegarde’s tomb bat (Taphozous hildegardeae).

Since 2022, Bat Conservation International (BCI) has been working with local bat experts, including conservation biologist David Wechuli, Ph.D., BCI’s Kenya Program Manager, and Paul Webala, Ph.D., senior lecturer in wildlife biology at Maasai Mara University in Narok, Kenya, to protect three cave sites in coastal Kenya: The Tswaka Giant Three Sisters cave system in the south, and the Kaboga and Makuruhu caves in the north.

Field notes Research news from around the globe
BCI and partners are working to develop a plan for sustainable guano extraction in Mozambique’s caves.
Photo: Piotr Naskrecki, Ph.D.
BCI and partners are working to develop a plan for sustainable guano extraction in Mozambique’s caves.
Photo: Piotr Naskrecki, Ph.D.

Guano Guidelines

Setting standards for sustainable resource extraction in Mozambican bat caves
By Annika S. Hipple
Deep in a narrow Mozambican cave, Natalie Weber suddenly emerged into a larger, hotter, more humid space surrounded by tens of thousands of flying bats. It was late March, and Weber, Bat Conservation International’s (BCI) Strategic Advisor for Endangered Species—Africa, was in Mozambique to assess the status of bat maternity roosts in nine different caves and develop a plan for sustainable extraction of bat guano.

Accompanying her were a prospective guano miner and staff from nearby Gorongosa National Park, which has buffer and transition zones that include caves that are home to a number of bat species. One of these species is Macronycteris vittata, the striped leaf-nosed bat, which is classified as “Near Threatened” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

fieldnotes

A Rising Star in Rwandan Bat Conservation

Meet Peace Iribagiza
By Annika S. Hipple
Peace Iribagiza standing beside a poster while speaking
Peace Iribagiza presents a conference poster about her work in Rwanda’s Nyungwe National Park.
Photo: Jon Flanders, Ph.D.
When Peace Iribagiza was a small girl growing up in eastern Rwanda, bats would often get into the roofing of local houses. Some frustrated people killed the bats, but Iribagiza’s mother sought a different solution.

Following a neighbor’s advice, she closed off entrance holes while the bats were out foraging and hung foul-smelling plants to discourage them from returning. It worked, and for young Iribagiza, the incident sparked an interest in bats that grew into a passion and, ultimately, a career.

As part of a bachelor’s degree in zoology and conservation, Iribagiza wrote her thesis on the straw-colored fruit bat (Eidolon helvum), a species under threat in Rwanda due to loss of habitat and bat-human conflicts.

fieldnotes
People loading horses into a truck
BCI crew members Ethan Sandoval, Nick Disessa, Brianna Mann, and Zasha Welsh join Gila National Forest Service packers Victor Alcorta and Aaron Huerta (right) to prepare to load horses and mules for travel into the Aldo Leopold Wilderness.

Photo: Dan Taylor

Healing the Land

Restoration efforts in designated Wilderness require old-fashioned transportation
By Fiona Tapp
Landscapes across the American West are increasingly susceptible to severe wildfires, which pose a significant threat to the habitat of many wildlife species, including bats. The Aldo Leopold Wilderness within the Gila National Forest has been particularly affected by these fires, including the massive Black Fire in 2022 that scorched 325,000 acres, devastating critical riparian zones that provide essential water and foraging resources for bats.

The human-caused Black Fire was the second-largest wildfire in New Mexico history. It burned so hot that it stripped vegetation off the landscape. A severe monsoon season followed and exacerbated the problem.

fieldnotes
acoustic detector
An acoustic detector can record bats’ echolocation calls.
Photo: Adam Hevey

Bringing Bat Science to Your Backyard

Community science for all
By Stefanie Waldek
It’s just a few minutes past midnight on Jan. 1, 2024, and the first bat detection in North America has already occurred—in frigid Alberta, Canada. Yes, while some folks are toasting the New Year with champagne, others across the continent are listening to acoustic bat monitors.

Run by United States Forest Service Ecologist Ted Weller, #FirstBat is a challenge to detect the first bat of the year in each U.S. state and Canadian province; Weller’s goal is to collect as much data possible for his publicly accessible Bat Acoustic Monitoring Portal, or BatAmp. Even though competition is fierce among #FirstBat participants, coming in second, third, or 27th is still a valuable contribution to the database.

“What I’m trying to do is figure out where bats are migrating,” Weller says. “The richer our data, the better we’ll be able to show these migratory patterns.”

fieldnotes

Zoe Klein wearing a brown jacket
Zoe Klein has written more than 500 poems about bats, and she plans to write a poem about every bat species on Earth.
Photo: Zoe Klein
poetry and images

Bat Poet

One woman’s quest to write a poem about every bat species on Earth
By Kristen Pope
Rabbi Zoe Klein has written over 500 poems about bats, with over 900 more to go. Klein is on a mission to write a poem about each bat species on Earth, a constantly shifting goal as new species are identified.

After more than 25 years serving as Rabbi at Temple Isaiah in Los Angeles, Klein, a Bat Conservation International (BCI) member, decided she wanted to bring a long-held dream to life: writing a poem about every mammal on Earth. Initially, she envisioned penning poems about giraffes, zebras, and cats, but she soon realized bats make up more than a quarter of the world’s mammal species. She’s loved bats since childhood, so that is where she started.

Taking a three-month sabbatical in late 2023 and early 2024, Klein found a remote cabin in Tennessee shaped like Noah’s Ark and thought it would be the perfect place to work on her project. Starting with verses about Temminck’s tailless fruit bat (Megaerops ecaudatus) and its relationship with figs, her first batch of poems included tube-nosed bats, leaf-nosed bats, and flying foxes.

Bat Chat A Conversation with a noted expert
Jennifer Barros, Ph.D.
Portrait outdoor photograph close-up view of Jennifer Barros, Ph.D. smiling and standing in a blue colored Bat Conservation International branded button-up dress shirt
Jennifer Barros, Ph.D.
Photo: Chris Gallaway/Horizonline Pictures

Brazilian Bats

Barros leads cave conservation work in Brazil
By Jill Robbins
J

ennifer Barros, Ph.D., is Bat Conservation International’s (BCI) Brazil Program Manager, and she is responsible for leading BCI’s cave conservation initiative in the massive country. With more than 3 million square miles of land, Brazil is the world’s fifth-largest country by area. The country contains more than 23,000 caves—some of which provide habitat for bats.

Barros works with local communities, nonprofits, and government agencies across Brazil to protect and enhance critical roost sites for Endangered bat species throughout the region.

We caught her for a few minutes above ground to inquire about her work.

Bat Squad For the young conservartionist
Taylor Rienhart shared bat knowledge with her community to earn her Girl Scout Gold Award, the organization’s highest honor.
Portrait close-up photo view of Taylor Rienhart smiling and standing in a dark beige Girls Scouts USA Northern California chapter themed cut vest containing several decorative insignia emblematic icons such as badges, pins, awards, and patches with the cut vest hanging around her shoulders plus she has on a white blouse equipped; She is holding a bat plush toy educational display model nearby a wall poster banner filled with different types of bat educational facts alongside a table nearby her containing markers, colored pencils, and small bat sketch outline cut-out drawings as she shared this bat knowledge with her community to earn her Girl Scout Gold Award, the organization’s highest honor
Taylor Rienhart shared bat knowledge with her community to earn her Girl Scout Gold Award, the organization’s highest honor.
Photo: Laraine McKinnon

Girl Scout Champions Bat Conservation

Gold Award project focuses on awareness and education
By Fiona Tapp
T

aylor Rienhart, a dedicated Girl Scout from the San Francisco Bay Area, recently earned her Gold Award, the highest accolade a Girl Scout can earn. Her project, a multi-faceted initiative aimed at bat conservation, showcased her passion for environmental science and animal conservation.

Rienhart’s project included several key components to foster awareness and support for local bat populations. One of her primary aims was to educate the public on bats and help dispel common myths. To do this, she created an informative poster and table of interesting activities that are displayed at the wildlife education center at Friends of Edgewood Natural Reserve and through the creation of an educational Instagram account. Her campaign aimed to counter negative perceptions of bats by sharing engaging, informative content about their ecological roles and local species.

Photo: FlamingoImages/Getty
Matching Gifts Advertisement
Bats Magazine logo
Thanks for reading our latest issue!